PHP Operators

PHP Operators

Arithmetic Operators (+ - * / %)

• Addition (+)
<?php 
$a=8; 
$b=4;
echo ($a + $b); 
?> // outputs 12


• Subtraction (-)

<?php 
echo ($a - $b); 
?> // output:  4

• Multiplication (*)

      <?php 
      echo ($a * $b); 
      ?>// output:  32

• Division (/)

      <?php 
      echo ($a / $b); 
      ?>   // output: 

• Modulus (%)

<?php
echo ($a % $b); // outputs 4 
?>

Assignment Operators (=)

<?php 
$x=10; 
echo $x; // outputs 10

+= 

$b=20; 
$b += 50;
echo $b; // outputs 70

-= 
$a=40;
$a -= 20;
echo $a; // outputs 20

*= 
$a=5;
$a *= 5;
echo $a; // outputs 25

/= 
$a=10;
$a /= 5;
echo $a; // outputs 2

%= 

String Operators (. .=)

Concatenation- concatenation operator is used to add two strings.
Example
(.)
<?php
$a = "Hello";
$b = $a . "PHP!";
echo $b; ?> // Output: Hello PHP! 

Concatenation assignment
Example
(.=)

$a="Hello";
$a .= " PHP!";
echo $a; 
?>// Output: Hello PHP! 


Increment / Decrement Operators

• ++$x (Pre-increment)

First $x will increments by one, then returns $x
<?php
$x=10; 
echo ++$x; ?>// output 11

• $x++ (Post-increment)

First returns $x, then it will increments $x by one
<?php
$x=10; 
echo $x++; ?>// output 10

• --$x (Pre-decrement)

First $x will decrements by one, then returns $x
<?php
$x=5;
echo --$x; ?>// output 4

• $x--(Post-decrement)

Returns $x first, then decrements $x by one
<?php
$x=5;
echo $x--;?> // output 5


Comparison Operators (== === !=  <> )


==      Equal 
<?php 
$a=20;
$b=30;
var_dump($a == $b); 
?>
__________________________
===   Identical
<?php
$a=20;
$b=30;
var_dump($a === $b);
?>
____________________________
!=      Not equal
<?php
$a=20;
$b=30;
var_dump($a != $b);
?>
____________________________
<>    Not equal
<?php
$a=20;
$b=30;
var_dump($a<>$b)
?>
___________________________
!==   Not identical
<?php
$a=20;
$b=30;
var_dump($a !== $b);
?>
___________________________
>      Greater than
<?php
$a=20;
$b=30;
var_dump($a > $b);
?>
__________________________________________
<       Less than
<?php
$a=20;
$b=30;
var_dump($a < $b);
?>
__________________________
>=     Greater than or equal to
<?php
$a=20;
$b=30;
var_dump($a >= $b);
?>
______________________________________________
<=      Less than or equal to
<?php
$a=20;
$b=30;
var_dump($a <= $b);
?>
________________________

Logical Operators

and        $x and $y      True if both $x and $y are true


Or         $x or $y       True if both $x or $y are true


Xor       $x xor $y      True if either $x xor $y is true


&&        $x && $y       True if both $x && $y are true

||          $x || $y       True if either $x or $y is true

!           !$x            True if $x is not true

Note: 

&&          It is also called (and) logical operator

||              It is also called (or) logical operator